As per the study, it is proved that humans could really regenerate, but it is the only top layer skin. Humans have the capacity to regrow the gut lining in bits and pieces. But until now, it is not possible for humans to regenerate the more complex structures like the salamander could grow. Limb Regeneration in humans may be possible in the future as the limb regrow will be a part of the medical toolkit. So, there is a possibility that one of the current graduate students or postdoctoral researchers could cack the theory of regrowing a human limb. The process of regeneration limbs is more than just the process of tissue replacement. As for the process of regeneration, you need bone, vessels, and nerves.
The undifferentiated kind of cell that can become specialized in adult stem cells. These cells have the capacity to regenerate muscle. People could regenerate blood vessels and even nerves. But the regrowth of the whole part seems difficult to achieve because human skin, liver, and bone do not grow or regenerate in the same manner as the salamanders do. Due to which we have the capacity to only replace the superficial layer of the skin. It is possible that our liver tissue will grow larger, but if we have lost the entire liver, it is not possible to regrow it. Hence there are many problems and knowledge gaps in realizing the dream of endogenous limb regrowth process.
What is the human ability to regenerate new limbs?
As you must know, the human embryo develops into a complete person in nine months that too in the womb. Hence due to which there is a limited ability for persons to regrow things as for this, humans must have the ability to heal. For the process of regrowth of a limb, it is essential that the cells just need to know where they are, and they need to build the right structure in the right order. As per the Australian scientist, it is revealed that there are certain cells in Salamanders called macrophages. These cells seem to prevent the build-up if scare tissue. And you may also find these macrophages cells in other animals and humans. These cells are the parts of the immune system, and its function is to stop infections and cause inflammation. It is found that when a salamanders lack macrophages, then they fail to regenerate their limbs and place of it, scars are formed.
The process of generating limbs could reduce the chances of life-changing injuries. This process of regrowth is the process of salvaging technique. Here, the new novel treatment in regenerative medicine allows medical professionals to save and repair the damaged limbs. In a particular moment, there is no cure when a person loses a finger, toe, leg, or arm. But there are certain advanced prosthetics that will allow the patient to continue their lives with some of the regained functions. The harnessing endogenous regenerative potential and the tissue engineering approach are the two main emerging approaches to limb loss. The therapy of stem cells could be an advantage only when there is one tissue that needed to be regenerated.
In a limb, you may find multiple component tissues like the skin, muscle, cartilage, tendons, bone, nerves, blood vessels, tendons, and adipose tissues. Hence for the regrowth process, it is required that all these component tissues must be reorganized. With age, the adult mammal also loses the capacity to regenerate. The lining of the human small intestine is made every five days afresh, and injury-induced fingertip regeneration is also possible. But still, there is no success in the whole Limb Regeneration in humans as there is much knowledge gap. Hence the researchers are trying to firstly fill the knowledge gap in realizing the dream of endogenous limb regrowing. There are some of the problems like limited information related to the process of regrowth. Hence it is essential that firstly all the information is collected, and the mysteries that are related to the regeneration process are solved. If all these are solved, then we could be near the dream of endogenous limb regrowth in the near future.
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